Education System in Greece

Greece, located in Southern-Eastern Europe, is bordered by Italy and Turkey and surrounded by the Aegean, Ionian, and Mediterranean Seas. Slightly smaller than the state of Alabama, Greece encompasses a mainland and an archipelago of approximately 2,000 islands, with only 168 being inhabited. The capital city is Athens, while Thessaloniki is the second largest. The population is roughly 11 million, with around 4 million residing in Athens. Greek serves as the primary language of instruction, and English is taught from the third grade onward. In secondary education, students can also learn French and German, with English being a mandatory foreign language at universities and technical institutions. The Greek educational system is governed by the Ministry of Education, Research, and Religious Affairs.

Overview of the Education System

The educational framework in Greece is organized into various levels, including Primary Education, Middle Education, Secondary Education, Vocational Education, and Tertiary Education. Education is compulsory until the end of secondary school, with state-funded schools managed by the Ministry of Education.

Primary Education

• Duration: Primary education spans six years.
• Academic Year: The school year typically runs from mid-September to mid-June.
• Progression: Students automatically progress through each grade of Dimotiká (primary school), although additional support, such as remedial teaching, is available if needed.
• Curriculum: The educational program comprises:
  • Core Modules: 11 compulsory subjects
  • Optional Modules: 6 elective subjects that pupils may select

Middle Education

• Duration: Middle education consists of three years in Gymnasio (middle school).
• Curriculum: Students study subjects similar to those in primary education.
• Decision-Making: During this phase, teachers, students, and parents collaboratively determine the educational path for secondary school, a decision that significantly affects future career opportunities.

Secondary Education

• Streams: Students in secondary school can choose between two main educational tracks:
  • Lykeio: An academically focused high school mirroring Western educational models.
  • Vocational Education: A program centered on practical skills aimed at preparing students for specific careers.

Vocational Education

• Oversight: The National Center for Vocational Education regulates and coordinates post-school vocational training.
• Institutions: Various private vocational colleges offer training that complements the skills learned in the vocational stream of secondary education.

Tertiary Education

• Historical Context: Greece has a longstanding educational tradition that dates back over 2,000 years.
• Institutions: The higher education system includes:
  • Higher Technological Education Institutions
  • Universities
  • Approved Colleges: These may offer degree programs in collaboration with foreign universities.
• Notable Universities:
  • National and Kapodistrian University of Athens: Founded in 1837.
  • Athens Polytechnic: Established in 1836.

This structured educational approach underscores Greece's dedication to providing a comprehensive and inclusive learning environment for its citizens, ensuring that students are well-equipped for future challenges.